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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Weil–Felix test ： ウィキペディア英語版 Weil–Felix test The Weil–Felix test is an agglutination test for the diagnosis of rickettsial infections. It was first described in 1916. By virtue of its long history and of its simplicity, it has been one of the most widely employed tests for rickettsia on a global scale, despite being superseded in many settings by more sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. == History and basis for test == The basis of the test is the presence of antigenic cross-reactivity between ''Rickettsia'' spp. and certain serotypes of non-motile ''Proteus'' spp., a phenomenon first published by Edmund Weil and Arthur Felix in 1916.〔Cruikshank, R. The Weil-Felix reaction in typhus fever. 1927. J Hyg (Lond) 27(1): 64–69.〕 The serum of patients diagnosed with epidemic typhus was found to agglutinate in the presence of bacteria now known as ''Proteus vulgaris''. Ensuing work elucidated that it was in fact the somatic (O) antigen that cross-reacted with anti-rickettsial antibodies, and furthermore, that different ''Proteus'' O antigens would cross-react with different species of ''Rickettsia''. Typhus group rickettsiae (''Rickettsia prowazekii'', ''R. typhi'') react with ''P. vulgaris'' OX19, and scrub typhus (''Orientia tsutsugamushi'') reacts with ''P. mirabilis'' OXK. The spotted fever group rickettsiae (''R. rickettsii'', ''R. africae'', ''R. japonica'', etc.) react with ''P. vulgaris'' OX2 and OX19, to varying degrees, depending on the species.〔Walker, DH and DH Bouyer. ''Rickettsia'' and ''Orientia''. In: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 9th Edition. 2007. ASM Press:Washington, DC. p. 1042〕 The Weil–Felix test suffers from poor sensitivity and specificity, with a recent study showing an overall sensitivity as low as 33% and specificity of 46%.〔Kularatne, SAM and IB Gawarammana. Validity of the Weil-Felix test in the diagnosis of acute rickettsial infections in Sri Lanka. 2009. T Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 103:423–424.〕 Other studies have had similar findings.〔Kaplan, JE, and LB Schonberger. 1986. The sensitivity of various serologic tests in the diagnosis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 35:840–844.〕 As a result, it has largely been supplanted by other methods of serology, including indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) testing, which is the gold standard. However, in resource-limited settings, it still remains an important tool in the diagnosis and identification of public health concerns, such as outbreaks of epidemic typhus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Weil–Felix test」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.